详解血清保存应注意的六点事项

<div> <p class="MsoNormal"><span style="color: rgb(255, 0, 0);"><strong><span style="font-family: 宋体; font-size: 9pt;">血清的保存应该注意以下几点：</span></strong></span><span style="mso-spacerun:'yes';font-family:宋体;mso-ascii-font-family:Calibri;mso-hansi-font-family:Calibri;mso-bidi-font-family:'Times New Roman';font-size:9.0000pt;mso-font-kerning:1.0000pt;"><o:p></o:p></span></p> <p class="MsoNormal"><strong><span style="mso-spacerun:'yes';font-family:宋体;mso-ascii-font-family:Calibri;mso-hansi-font-family:Calibri;mso-bidi-font-family:'Times New Roman';font-size:9.0000pt;mso-font-kerning:1.0000pt;"><font face="宋体">（</font>1<font face="宋体">）</font></span></strong><span style="mso-spacerun:'yes';font-family:宋体;mso-ascii-font-family:Calibri;mso-hansi-font-family:Calibri;mso-bidi-font-family:'Times New Roman';font-size:9.0000pt;mso-font-kerning:1.0000pt;"><font face="宋体">需要长期保存的血清必须储存于</font><font face="Calibri">-20</font><font face="宋体">℃ </font><font face="Calibri">- 70</font><font face="宋体">℃ 低温冰箱中，</font><font face="Calibri">4</font><font face="宋体">℃冰箱中保存时间切勿超过</font><font face="Calibri">1</font><font face="宋体">个月。由于血清结冰时体积会增加约</font><font face="Calibri">10%</font><font face="宋体">，因此，血清在冻入低温冰箱前，必须预留一定体积空间，否则易发生污染或玻璃瓶冻裂。</font></span><span style="mso-spacerun:'yes';font-family:宋体;mso-ascii-font-family:Calibri;mso-hansi-font-family:Calibri;mso-bidi-font-family:'Times New Roman';font-size:9.0000pt;mso-font-kerning:1.0000pt;"><o:p></o:p></span></p> <p class="MsoNormal"><strong><span style="mso-spacerun:'yes';font-family:宋体;mso-ascii-font-family:Calibri;mso-hansi-font-family:Calibri;mso-bidi-font-family:'Times New Roman';font-size:9.0000pt;mso-font-kerning:1.0000pt;"><font face="宋体">（</font>2<font face="宋体">）</font></span></strong><span style="mso-spacerun:'yes';font-family:宋体;mso-ascii-font-family:Calibri;mso-hansi-font-family:Calibri;mso-bidi-font-family:'Times New Roman';font-size:9.0000pt;mso-font-kerning:1.0000pt;"><font face="宋体">热灭活是指</font><font face="Calibri">56</font><font face="宋体">℃，</font><font face="Calibri">30</font><font face="宋体">分钟加热已完全解冻的血清，加热过程中须规则摇晃均匀，此热处理的目的是使血清中的补体成分（</font><font face="Calibri">complement</font><font face="宋体">）灭活。除非必须，一般不建议作此热处理，因为热处理会造成血清沉淀物显著增多，而且还会影响血清的质量。</font></span><span style="mso-spacerun:'yes';font-family:宋体;mso-ascii-font-family:Calibri;mso-hansi-font-family:Calibri;mso-bidi-font-family:'Times New Roman';font-size:9.0000pt;mso-font-kerning:1.0000pt;"><o:p></o:p></span></p> <p class="MsoNormal"><strong><span style="mso-spacerun:'yes';font-family:宋体;mso-ascii-font-family:Calibri;mso-hansi-font-family:Calibri;mso-bidi-font-family:'Times New Roman';font-size:9.0000pt;mso-font-kerning:1.0000pt;"><font face="宋体">补体参与反应有：</font></span></strong><span style="mso-spacerun:'yes';font-family:宋体;mso-ascii-font-family:Calibri;mso-hansi-font-family:Calibri;mso-bidi-font-family:'Times New Roman';font-size:9.0000pt;mso-font-kerning:1.0000pt;"><font face="宋体">细胞毒作用，</font> <font face="宋体">平滑肌细胞收缩，</font> <font face="宋体">肥大细胞和血小板释放组胺，</font> <font face="宋体">增强吞噬作用，</font> <font face="宋体">促进淋巴细胞和巨噬细胞发生化学趋化和活化。</font></span><span style="mso-spacerun:'yes';font-family:宋体;mso-ascii-font-family:Calibri;mso-hansi-font-family:Calibri;mso-bidi-font-family:'Times New Roman';font-size:9.0000pt;mso-font-kerning:1.0000pt;"><o:p></o:p></span></p> <p class="MsoNormal"><strong><span style="mso-spacerun:'yes';font-family:宋体;mso-ascii-font-family:Calibri;mso-hansi-font-family:Calibri;mso-bidi-font-family:'Times New Roman';font-size:9.0000pt;mso-font-kerning:1.0000pt;"><font face="宋体">（</font>3<font face="宋体">）</font></span></strong><span style="mso-spacerun:'yes';font-family:宋体;mso-ascii-font-family:Calibri;mso-hansi-font-family:Calibri;mso-bidi-font-family:'Times New Roman';font-size:9.0000pt;mso-font-kerning:1.0000pt;"><font face="宋体">瓶装血清解冻需采用逐步解冻法：</font><font face="Calibri">-20</font><font face="宋体">℃ 至 </font><font face="Calibri">-70</font><font face="宋体">℃ 低温冰箱中的血清放入</font><font face="Calibri">4</font><font face="宋体">℃冰箱中溶解</font><font face="Calibri">1</font><font face="宋体">天。然后移入室温，待全部溶解后再分装。</font></span><span style="mso-spacerun:'yes';font-family:宋体;mso-ascii-font-family:Calibri;mso-hansi-font-family:Calibri;mso-bidi-font-family:'Times New Roman';font-size:9.0000pt;mso-font-kerning:1.0000pt;"><o:p></o:p></span></p> <p class="MsoNormal"><span style="mso-spacerun:'yes';font-family:宋体;mso-ascii-font-family:Calibri;mso-hansi-font-family:Calibri;mso-bidi-font-family:'Times New Roman';font-size:9.0000pt;mso-font-kerning:1.0000pt;"><font face="宋体">在溶解过程中需不断轻轻摇晃均匀（小心勿造成气泡），使温度与成分均一，减少沉淀的发生。切勿直接将血清从</font>-20<font face="宋体">℃进入</font><font face="Calibri">37</font><font face="宋体">℃解冻，这样因温度改变太大，容易造成蛋白质凝集而出现沉淀。</font></span><span style="mso-spacerun:'yes';font-family:宋体;mso-ascii-font-family:Calibri;mso-hansi-font-family:Calibri;mso-bidi-font-family:'Times New Roman';font-size:9.0000pt;mso-font-kerning:1.0000pt;"><o:p></o:p></span></p> <p class="MsoNormal"><strong><span style="mso-spacerun:'yes';font-family:宋体;mso-ascii-font-family:Calibri;mso-hansi-font-family:Calibri;mso-bidi-font-family:'Times New Roman';font-size:9.0000pt;mso-font-kerning:1.0000pt;"><font face="宋体">（</font>4<font face="宋体">）</font></span></strong><span style="mso-spacerun:'yes';font-family:宋体;mso-ascii-font-family:Calibri;mso-hansi-font-family:Calibri;mso-bidi-font-family:'Times New Roman';font-size:9.0000pt;mso-font-kerning:1.0000pt;"><font face="宋体">一般厂商提供的血清为无菌，无需再过滤除菌，如发现血清有悬浮物，则可将血清加入培养液内一起过滤，切勿直接过滤血清。</font></span><span style="mso-spacerun:'yes';font-family:宋体;mso-ascii-font-family:Calibri;mso-hansi-font-family:Calibri;mso-bidi-font-family:'Times New Roman';font-size:9.0000pt;mso-font-kerning:1.0000pt;"><o:p></o:p></span></p> <p class="MsoNormal"><strong><span style="mso-spacerun:'yes';font-family:宋体;mso-ascii-font-family:Calibri;mso-hansi-font-family:Calibri;mso-bidi-font-family:'Times New Roman';font-size:9.0000pt;mso-font-kerning:1.0000pt;"><font face="宋体">（</font>5<font face="宋体">）</font></span></strong><span style="mso-spacerun:'yes';font-family:宋体;mso-ascii-font-family:Calibri;mso-hansi-font-family:Calibri;mso-bidi-font-family:'Times New Roman';font-size:9.0000pt;mso-font-kerning:1.0000pt;"><font face="宋体">血清中的沉淀物 絮状物：主要是血清中的脂蛋白变性及解冻后血清中纤维蛋白造成，这些絮状物不会影响血清本身的质量。可用离心</font><font face="Calibri">3000rpm</font><font face="宋体">，</font><font face="Calibri">5</font><font face="宋体">分钟去除，也可不用处理。 </font></span><span style="mso-spacerun:'yes';font-family:宋体;mso-ascii-font-family:Calibri;mso-hansi-font-family:Calibri;mso-bidi-font-family:'Times New Roman';font-size:9.0000pt;mso-font-kerning:1.0000pt;"><o:p></o:p></span></p> <p class="MsoNormal"><span style="mso-spacerun:'yes';font-family:宋体;mso-ascii-font-family:Calibri;mso-hansi-font-family:Calibri;mso-bidi-font-family:'Times New Roman';font-size:9.0000pt;mso-font-kerning:1.0000pt;"><font face="宋体">显微镜下</font>&ldquo;小黑点&rdquo;：经过热处理过的血清，沉淀物的形成会显著增多。有些沉淀物在显微镜下观察象&ldquo;小黑点&rdquo;，常误认为血清受污染。</span><span style="mso-spacerun:'yes';font-family:宋体;mso-ascii-font-family:Calibri;mso-hansi-font-family:Calibri;mso-bidi-font-family:'Times New Roman';font-size:9.0000pt;mso-font-kerning:1.0000pt;"><o:p></o:p></span></p> <p class="MsoNormal"><span style="mso-spacerun:'yes';font-family:宋体;mso-ascii-font-family:Calibri;mso-hansi-font-family:Calibri;mso-bidi-font-family:'Times New Roman';font-size:9.0000pt;mso-font-kerning:1.0000pt;">一般情况下，此小黑点不会影响细胞生长，但如果怀疑血清质量，则应立即停止使用，更换另一批号的血清。</span><span style="mso-spacerun:'yes';font-family:宋体;mso-ascii-font-family:Calibri;mso-hansi-font-family:Calibri;mso-bidi-font-family:'Times New Roman';font-size:9.0000pt;mso-font-kerning:1.0000pt;"><o:p></o:p></span></p> <p class="MsoNormal"><strong><span style="mso-spacerun:'yes';font-family:宋体;mso-ascii-font-family:Calibri;mso-hansi-font-family:Calibri;mso-bidi-font-family:'Times New Roman';font-size:9.0000pt;mso-font-kerning:1.0000pt;"><font face="宋体">（</font>6<font face="宋体">）</font></span></strong><span style="mso-spacerun:'yes';font-family:宋体;mso-ascii-font-family:Calibri;mso-hansi-font-family:Calibri;mso-bidi-font-family:'Times New Roman';font-size:9.0000pt;mso-font-kerning:1.0000pt;"><font face="宋体">切勿将血清在</font><font face="Calibri">37</font><font face="宋体">℃放置太久，否则血清会变得浑浊，同时血清中的有效成分会破会而影响血清质量。</font></span><span style="mso-spacerun:'yes';font-family:宋体;mso-ascii-font-family:Calibri;mso-hansi-font-family:Calibri;mso-bidi-font-family:'Times New Roman';font-size:9.0000pt;mso-font-kerning:1.0000pt;"><o:p></o:p></span></p> </div>